Comparison of U.S. & Other Health System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Comparison of U.S. & Other Health System - Essay Example However higher costs does not mean better quality of life, health statistics in Spain show higher life expectancies (82.2 years), lower mortality rates (10.9/1000), and overall lower incidences of population major diseases (diabetes:9.0%, cardiovascular diseases: 23.15%, obesity: 23.95%) compared to US [life expectancies (78.6 years) mortality rates (13.9/1000), major diseases (diabetes:10.85%, cardiovascular diseases: 15.6%, obesity: 31.7% ) (National Center for Health Statistics, 2013; World Health Organization, WHO, 2012). Differences come from lifestyle habits, the Spanish have an active lifestyle and Mediterranean diet, and the US a sedentary lifestyle coupled with unbalanced diet (Borkan, et al., 2010; The Department for Professional Employees, DPE, 2013; National Center for Health Statistics, 2013; WHO, 2012). Health Care Financing: Comparison between US and Spain The US has hybrid healthcare financing: government medical subsidy is combined with private or group insurance for payments: private funding ( insurance or individual’s out-of-pocket payments) amount up to 50% of the total health care spending, with the rest from federal (38%) and local or state funds (12%) (DPE, 2013). For Spain, after healthcare reform financing is also shared, but the government pays up to 74% of the expenses, the rest is paid by individuals or employers (Legido-Quigley, et al., 2013). Spanish healthcare relies more heavily on taxes than US healthcare, contributing to lower healthcare costs per person compared with the latter (WHO, 2012). Health Care Administration: Comparison between US and Spain The US principal agency in healthcare provision is the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), which works with other agencies (e.g. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, etc.) to improve the population’s health through research and development, establishment of quality standards, among others (National Center f or Health Statistics, 2013). In Spain the Spanish National Institute of Health (Instituto Nacional de Salud, INSALUD) similarly functions as the HHS in providing the public with quality health services, however unlike HHS it is decentralized and delegates power over regional health communities (Borkan, et al., 2010). Health Care Personnel and Facilities: Comparison between US and Spain Only around one-fifths of the healthcare facilities in the US are government-owned and the rest are private institutions, accounting for high healthcare costs per individual (DPE, 2013). A low physician-to-patient ratio of 24 physicians per 10,000 people promotes high healthcare costs but less quality services (Holtz, 2008; National Center for Health Statistics, 2013). In Spain, healthcare facilities are mostly government-owned and subsidized, and physicians and nurses are salaried, which reduce additional costs per individual (Borkan, et al., 2010). Also, services are better due to a higher physician -to-patient ratio, 39 per 10,000 persons (WHO, 2012). Access and Inequality Issues: Comparison between US and Spain US ranks first in terms of health care responsiveness due to its state-of-the-art health care delivery system, which contributes to an increase in preventable deaths (Holtz, 2008; WHO, 2012). Spain’

The Valley Winery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Valley Winery - Essay Example Employee turnovers have been described as one of the major challenges that face any organization that is bent on growing. This is because turnover puts so much challenging in place for management to solve and the process of solving these problems takes the attention of management from pursuing other beneficial ventures for the organization’s growth (Sigma Assessment Systems, 2012). To this extent, the problem that Pat Waller faces cannot be underestimated in any logical sense. Causes of the Problem There exist a number of causes of the present problem at Valley Winery. However, two of these would be outlined for the present purpose. In the first place, much blame would be given to the characteristics of the job that the sales representatives are supposed to undertake. According to Sigma Assessment Systems (2012), not all jobs have the same levels of intrinsic attraction and that â€Å"a job's attractiveness will be affected by many characteristics, including its repetitiveness, challenge, danger, perceived importance.† There is no denying the fact that most sales representatives take up their jobs with very low levels of perceived importance as they assume those jobs to be stepping stones to get hooked on to other kinds of jobs. Moreover, the job does not guarantee repetitiveness and poses a number of dangers to the representatives. This could be the major cause of the problem. The second cause to be discussed could somehow also have served as the solution to the problem if it was implemented earlier.